The Molecular Gate Toolbit Team reports the following:

• Relatively repeatable fabrication recipes developed for experimental toolbits with gate diameters of 200 nm
• Printing through microscale visualization and measuring ion currents
• Visualization of nano-contact-printing yet to be demonstrated
• Selective (and surprising) transport characteristics evident between various fluorophores
• Demonstrated liquid transfer printing by fine-tuning surface structure and surface properties
• Pathways developed to scale further down
• Inconclusive results in transport of gold nanoparticles through the pores
• Transport of H+ ions studied as a function of pore diameter and concentration.
• Findings suggest double-layer shielding strong at small diameters (< 50nm) and low concentrations (< 50mM)

Current Challenges:

• Why are limiting flows observed?
• What is the reason for the surprising differences in transport characteristics between different dyes (Fluorescine vs Rhodamine vs Alexafluor 488 vs ion concentration, etc.)?
• How can multiscale modeling be used to explain electrokinetic transport through the pores?